Operation Pawan was India's first and only out-of-country operation, which commenced as a peace-keeping operation but later on converted into peace-enforcing one. It provided unique operational challenges for all three components of the Indian Armed Forces. It was an operation where fixed and rotary wing aircraft of the Indian Armed Forces flew near to a hundred thousand sorties over a period of 21?2 years – a stupendous effort, however, one considers it.
The work describes in detail the role of air power in various operations right from Operation Poomalai on 4 June 1987 till the completion of deinduction of the IPKF in March 1990.
This is perhaps, the only book that covers the history of Operation Pawan right from its conception to the induction of forces into Sri Lanka till the deinduction of the IPKF. It also covers the background which led to the Indian intervention into what was essentially Sri Lanka's internal matter as well as various political developments that led to the change of the role of the IPKF during that period.
Foreword 9 Preface 11
1. The Background 15
2. Operation Poomalai 54
3. The Accord and Induction of IPKF 67
4. Battle for Jaffna and the Heli-drop that
went Horribly Wrong 99
5. The Classic Insurgency Phase 169
6. The Provincial, Presidential and Parliamentary Elections 272
7. Post-Election Operations 288
8. Withdrawal/De-induction of IPKF 330
9. Some Daring Rescues 368
10. Looking Back 381
Index 429
Air Marshal Bharat Kumar (Retired) was an Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief Southern Air Command, IAF in 1997. He is a Distinguished Fellow of Center for Air Power Studies, New Delhi and Fellow of Aeronautical Society of India and Indian Management Association. He is also the Chairman, at the Center of Armed Forces Historical Research, United Service Institution of India. Currently, he lives in New Delhi.
‘...has produced another well researched and very readable book on the use of Air Power as part of the Indian Peace Keeping Force in Sri Lanka.’ — Air Marshal Vinod Patney (Retd) Director General, Centre for Airpower Studies
‘...his book admirably fills the long-felt gap in the narrative about one of India's most difficult military sojourns, especially the fine role played by the Indian Air Force in supporting out of area operations.’ — Nitin Gokhale Author of National Security Analyst, Media Trainer.
‘It is a mammoth book on the IAF, IA and IN’s aerial operations in Sri Lanka during the years of the IPKF. . . , copiously illustrated with rare photographs and referenced by footnotes.’ — P.V.S. Jagan Mohan Co-author of Eagles over Bangladesh and The India-Pakistan Air War of 1965
‘A superbly written account that creates a new bench mark for military history writers.’ — Kunal Verma, author of The Long Road to Siachen: The Question Why and General V.K. Singh: Courage & Conviction.