Frank Schmalleger is Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the University of North Carolina, Pembroke. He holds master's and doctorate degrees in sociology with a special emphasis on criminology from The Ohio State University. Patrick Webb is an associate professor of criminal justice at North Carolina A&T State University. He holds a master's degree in sociology and a doctorate degree in juvenile justice from Prairie View A&M University.
Stephen Marson is professor emeritus at the University of North Carolina at Pembroke. He holds a master's degree in social work from The Ohio State University and a Ph.D. in sociology from North Carolina State University with a minor in social work from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
