Sourcing Archeological Lithic Assemblages

For most of our existence, humans have used stone as a primary resource for survival. Stone tools are generally resistant to degradation, and consequently comprise a large amount of the material culture found at archaeological sites worldwide. Recovery of stone tools during archaeological excavation indicates the location where they were discarded, often tied to where they were used. Determination of where the raw materials to produce those tools came from, or “sourcing” and the path it took to reach that ultimate destination, offers insight into trade and procurement patterns. The scholars gathered in this volume employ a variety of unique and novel approaches to real-life contexts in multiple geographic regions. These studies illustrate the numerous, robust options available to archaeologists and researchers today, as well as the problems that must be faced and resolved.

The first section focuses on technological aspects of sourcing, presenting a specific method of chemical analysis and, often, avenues for improving it. The second section focuses on region-specific and methodological sourcing applications. A concluding review by Michael Glascock critiques each of the chapters and presents his views on sourcing raw materials gained over 40 years of experience in the field. Broadly, these contributions demonstrate how a more thorough knowledge of lithic sources, geologic processes, the nature of variation, and regional availability can provide a more thorough understanding of past peoples.