List of Illustrations
A Note on Transliteration
Acknowledgments
Introduction: Laying the Foundations for Future Instability,
M. Hakan Yavuz and Peter Sluglett
Part I. European Diplomacy and the Exclusion of the Ottoman “Other”
1. The Transformation of “Empire” through Wars and Reforms: Integration vs. Oppression, M. Hakan Yavuz
2. European Equilibrium or Asiatic Balance of Power?: The Ottoman Search for Security in the Aftermath of the Congress of Berlin, Feroze A. K. Yasamee
3. Benevolent Contempt: Bismarck’s Ottoman Policy, Sean McMeekin
4. The Ottoman Eastern Question and the Problematic Origins of Modern Ethnic Cleansing, Genocide, and Humanitarian Interventionism in Europe and the Middle East, Mujeeb R. Khan
Part II. The Emergence of the Balkan State System
5. Muslim and Orthodox Resistance against the Berlin Peace Treaty in the Balkans, Mehmet Hacisalihoglu
6. The Establishment of Serbian Local Government in the Counties of NiŠ, Vranje, Toplica, and Pirot after the Congress of Berlin, Miroslav Svircevic
7. The Ottoman Wrong Horse?: The Question of Bosnia and Hercegovina in the Last Phase of the Eastern Crisis, Edin RaduŠic´
8. The Berlin Treaty, Bosnian Muslims, and Nationalism, Aydin Babuna
9. Agents of Post-Ottoman States: The Precariousness of the Berlin Congress Boundaries of Montenegro and How to Define/Confine People, Isa Blumi
10. A Reassessment of the Macedonian Question, 1878–1908, GÜl Tokay
Part III. The Beginning of the End in Eastern Anatolia: The Massacres of Armenians
11. Patterns of Conflict and Violence in Eastern Anatolia Leading Up to the Russo-Turkish War and the Treaty of Berlin, Brad Dennis
12. From Millet-i Sadika to Millet-i Asiya: AbdÜlhamid II and Armenians, 1878–1909, Garabet K. Moumdjian
13. Template for Destruction: The Congress of Berlin and the Evolution of Ottoman Counterinsurgency Practices, Edward J. Erickson
14. The Hamidiye Light Cavalry Regiments: AbdÜlhamid II and the Eastern Anatolian Tribes, Bayram Kodaman
Part IV. Ethno-religious Cleansing and Population Transfers in the Balkans and the Caucasus
15. Ignoring the People: The Effects of the Congress of Berlin, Justin McCarthy
16. The Treaty of Berlin and the Tragedy of the Settlers from the Three Cities, Mustafa Tanriverdi
17. Two Different Images: Bulgarian and English Sources on the Batak Massacre, Tetsuya Sahara
18. The Rhodope Resistance and Commission of 1878, Ömer Turan
Conclusion: On the Road Back from Berlin, Frederick F. Anscombe
Glossary
Chronology of Ottoman History (1828–1909)
Bibliography
List of Contributors
Index