In 1993, then-U.S. President Bill Clinton oversaw the construction of the first stretch of the U.S.-Mexico border walls. Since that pivotal moment, every subsequent U.S. president has allowed for the construction of additional miles of walls or fences. Despite his initial pledge to halt the expansion of border walls, in July 2022, President Joe Biden authorized the construction of new sections in four locations within Arizona. This decision underscores the enduring complexity and contentious nature of the U.S.-Mexico border infrastructure.
From the bustling San Diego–Tijuana region to the borderlands of Brownsville-Matamoros, the U.S.-Mexico border is marked by extensive stretches of walls. Over the past thirty years, these walls have evolved from purely physical barriers into multifaceted systems encompassing administrative, legal, legislative, and biometric components. This volume invites readers to reflect on the transformations of the border since the construction of the initial fourteen miles of wall, and the subsequent addition of 1,940 miles. It provides a comprehensive exploration of the border’s evolution, and its profound and lasting impacts.
Bringing together recognized scholars in border studies, Walled delves into the varied manifestations and lived experiences associated with U.S.-Mexico border walls. The introduction by AndrÉanne Bissonnette and Élisabeth Vallet offers a thorough review of the border walls’ thirty-year history, placing it within a global context. Contributions offer diverse perspectives of the border experience, from state policies and migrant experiences to the daily lives of border residents. Topics such as militarization, migration, artistic resistance, and humanitarian aid are carefully examined. This volume is an essential resource for policymakers, activists, scholars, and anyone seeking to understand the intricate realities of border communities and the far-reaching consequences of border policies.
Contributors
Susana BÁez-Ayala
AndrÉanne Bissonnette
Mathilde Bourgeon
Silvia M. ChÁvez-Baray
Irasema Coronado
Thalia D’Aragon-GiguÈre
Erin Hoekstra
Anthony Jimenez
T. Mark Montoya
Eva M. Moya
Scott Nicol
HÉctor Antonio Padilla Delgado
Lisa Sun-Hee Park
Tony Payan
Patricia Ravelo-Blancas
David A. Shirk
Allyson Teague
Élisabeth Vallet
Introduction: Thirty Years On, the U.S.-Mexico Border Wall(s)
AndrÉanne Bissonnette and Élisabeth Vallet
PART I. The Wall(s)
1. More than a Wall: How the Security-Industrial Complex Changed the U.S.-Mexico Border
Élisabeth Vallet
2. The Lawless Wall: Waiving Laws to Build Walls on the U.S.-Mexico Border
Scott Nicol
3. Between Four Walls: Securitization and Private Immigration Detention in the U.S.-Mexico Borderlands
Mathilde Bourgeon
4. Masking the Wall: The COVID-19 Pandemic and Border Restrictions in the San Diego–Tijuana Region
David A. Shirk and Allyson Teague
PART II. Faced with the Border: Migrants’ Experiences at the U.S.-Mexico Border Wall(s)
5. Migrant Women Experiencing Homelessness and Violence in the U.S.-Mexico Border Region
Eva M. Moya, Silvia M. ChÁvez-Baray, Patricia Ravelo-Blancas[AK1] , and Susana BÁez-Ayala
6. Shaped by Colonial Borders: Overcoming the National Identity Trap within Immigration
Thalia D’Aragon-GiguÈre
7. Understanding Trump’s Wall and Title 42: A Century of Immigration Policy
Hector Padilla[AK2] and Irasema Coronado
PART III. The Border Is Everyday Life
8. The Clinical Border: Structural Violence and Migrant Healthcare in Arizona
Erin Hoekstra, Lisa Sun-Hee Park, and Anthony Jimenez
9. Bodies and Borders: Immigration and Reproductive Health along the U.S.-Mexico Border
AndrÉanne Bissonnette
10. Art as Political Resistance at the U.S.-Mexico Border Fence
Tony Payan
11. Reclaiming Citizenship Through Borderlands Pedagogy, Storytelling, and Praxis
T. Mark Montoya
AndrÉanne Bissonnette is a postdoctoral researcher at the Border Policy Research Institute at Western Washington University and holds a PhD in political science. Her research, anchored in an intersectional analysis, focuses on Latinas’ experiences and perceptions of reproductive health services in the United States.
Élisabeth Vallet is an associate professor at RMCC–Saint Jean, director of the Center for Geopolitical Studies (Raoul-Dandurand Chair, University of Quebec at Montreal—UQAM), and co-researcher for the Borders in the 21th Century Program at the University of Victoria.
